IMST for Dementia Risk Reduction
Purpose
Using a 2-arm, RCT approach, the primary goal of the study is to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of Inspiratory Muscle Strength Training (IMST) as a non-pharmacologic intervention to reduce cardiovascular and cognitive risks in older adults. Next, we will examine secondary effects of IMST on mood, sleep quality, systemic inflammation, and physical/motor function. Finally, we will assess participant adherence and acceptability ratings of using an 8-week home-based IMST protocol in a diverse older adult sample.
Conditions
- Systolic Blood Pressure
- Blood Pressure
- Depression - Major Depressive Disorder
- Anxiety
- Sleep Quality
- Physical Function
- Cognitive Function
Eligibility
- Eligible Ages
- Between 60 Years and 80 Years
- Eligible Sex
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- Ages 60-80 - Converted telephone MoCA total score≥18 - Presence of at least one dementia risk factor (e.g., MCI or subjective cognitive decline, hypertension [SBP >130 mmHg or on medication], sedentary lifestyle [<150 min/week], family history of dementia or self-reported APOE ε4 carrier, or mild sleep-disordered breathing; CAIDE total score [>5] - Capable of independently completing or requiring minimal assistance with inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) - Willing to adhere to the IMST protocol (approximately 5-10 minutes per day for 8 weeks) - Optional inclusion of inspiratory muscle weakness (MIP <80 cmH₂O for men, <70 cmH₂O for women) will also be assessed.
Exclusion Criteria
- tMoCA <18, or diagnosis of neurodegenerative illness at the discretion of principal investigator (except MCI) - Current evidence of any major psychiatric disorder including psychosis (at the discretion of principal investigator), bipolar disorder, severe major depression (PHQ-9 > 20) - Unstable cardiovascular or pulmonary disease - Recent respiratory therapy or major medication changes - Self-reported severe untreated or unstable obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) - Recent start (within the past month) of CPAP or BiPAP, or recent use of inspiratory muscle training - Lung and eardrum injuries - Non-English speaking - Participants with a pacemaker or other medical implants containing magnets or electronics will be noted and excluded from body composition analyses.
Study Design
- Phase
- N/A
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel Assignment
- Primary Purpose
- Prevention
- Masking
- Single (Participant)
Arm Groups
| Arm | Description | Assigned Intervention |
|---|---|---|
|
Experimental High-Resistance |
Participants assigned to the high resistance arm will complete inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) using a handheld respiratory training device set to 75% of their maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). Participants will follow the IMST training regimen for the duration of the intervention period, 8-weeks, consisting of 30 breaths per day, completed in a minimum of 5 minutes. |
|
|
Sham Comparator Control Group - Low-Resistance |
Participants assigned to the low-resistance arm will complete inspiratory muscle strength training (IMST) using a handheld respiratory training device set to 15% of their maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP). Participants will follow the IMST training regimen for the duration of the intervention period, 8-weeks, completing 30 inspiratory breaths per day, with each session lasting a minimum of 5 minutes. |
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Recruiting Locations
More Details
- Status
- Recruiting
- Sponsor
- Florida State University
Study Contact
Detailed Description
This is a 2-arm randomized pilot trial (N=30), including adults aged 60-80 years of age with cardiovascular risks for dements. Participants will complete assessments prior to beginning the study, each week during the intervention, and at the conclusion of the 8-week intervention. Participants in the experimental group will complete daily high-resistance IMST training (e.g., 75% maximal inspiratory pressure), and participants in the sham condition will complete IMST training at 15% maximal inspiratory pressure. We hypothesize the following: Hypothesis 1: Participants in the high-resistance IMST group will show greater reductions in systolic blood pressure and other vascular health indicators compared to those in the sham IMST group after 8 weeks. Hypothesis 2: Participants in the high-resistance IMST group will demonstrate greater improvements in executive cognitive function than those in the sham group. Hypothesis 3: IMST will lead to secondary improvements in mood (reduced depression and anxiety symptoms), better sleep quality (as measured by self-report and actigraphy), and improved physical function (e.g., grip strength, gait speed). Hypothesis 4: The IMST protocol will be feasible and acceptable, with at least 80% adherence to prescribed training sessions over the 8-week period.
