Evaluation of Family-Based Behavioral Treatments for Youth With Anxiety and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Purpose
Anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorders are among the most common in children. Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective and evidence-based treatment for such disorders, access to CBT is often limited. Family-based and internet-delivered therapy is one method to increase access to care. The purpose of this project is to evaluate the comparative efficacy and treatment mechanisms of two lower-intensity but effective treatments for families of children with anxiety or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) via telehealth compared to an adapted Relaxation and Mentorship Training (RMT) intervention involving breathing exercises with a therapist.
Conditions
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children
- Anxiety Disorder of Childhood
- Social Anxiety Disorder of Childhood
- Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Adolescence
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder
- Separation Anxiety
- Panic Disorder
- Panic Disorder With Agoraphobia
- Panic Attacks
Eligibility
- Eligible Ages
- Between 7 Years and 13 Years
- Eligible Genders
- All
- Accepts Healthy Volunteers
- No
Inclusion Criteria
- The child is between the ages of 7 to 13 years inclusion at enrollment - The child has clinically significant symptoms of anxiety and/or OCD, as indicated by a score of 12 or higher on the Pediatric Anxiety Rating Scale (PARS). - The child is appropriate for anxiety-focused treatment (e.g., anxiety is the primary or co-primary problem as diagnosed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Children and Adolescents (MINI-KID). - One parent/guardian is able and willing to participate in assessment and treatment (e.g., has sufficient English fluency, the decisional capacity to participate, and can commit to treatment duration). - The participating parent/guardian lives with their child at least 50% of the time per self-report. - Both parent and child are able to read and understand English. - The child has the intellectual and communication skills to engage in CBT, as judged by an experienced supervising clinician. - Participants must be in the state of Texas for treatment sessions/assessments.
Exclusion Criteria
- the child has a diagnosis of child lifetime bipolar disorder, drug or alcohol dependence, psychotic disorder, or conduct disorder. - the child has severe, current suicidal/homicidal ideation and/or self-injury requiring medical intervention (referrals will be made for appropriate clinical intervention). - the child is receiving concurrent therapy for anxiety. - New Treatments: Initiation of an antidepressant within 12 weeks before study enrollment OR 6 weeks for an antipsychotic, benzodiazepine, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medication before study enrollment. Established Treatment changes: Any change in established psychotropic medication (e.g., antidepressants, anxiolytics, antipsychotic) within 4 weeks before study enrollment. Any medications must remain stable during treatment; downward adjustments due to side effects may be acceptable.
Study Design
- Phase
- N/A
- Study Type
- Interventional
- Allocation
- Randomized
- Intervention Model
- Parallel Assignment
- Intervention Model Description
- Children (N=100), ages 7-13 will be randomized to one of three conditions
- Primary Purpose
- Treatment
- Masking
- Single (Outcomes Assessor)
- Masking Description
- Outcomes assessor is blinded
Arm Groups
| Arm | Description | Assigned Intervention |
|---|---|---|
|
Experimental Family-Based Internet-Based CBT Group (iCBT) |
One third of participants will be randomized to receive iCBT. Each week of treatment, the parent will be encouraged to read the corresponding materials on the Baylor College of Medicine (BCM) webpage, complete accompanying worksheets, and guide their child through completing activities in the child-facing materials, with support from a therapist (6 30-minute supportive videoconferencing via Zoom, 6 emails on alternating weeks). One core aspect of treatment will be parents leading their child through graduated exposure. Exposures, a hallmark of CBT for anxiety, are used to gradually and repeatedly confront feared stimuli. For example, exposure therapy for a child fearful of dogs may begin with looking at pictures of dogs and standing across the park from a dog on a leash, to eventually petting a dog. All relevant information regarding parent-led exposures will be detailed in the treatment materials, and therapists will review with parents via email and/or video-conferencing sessions. |
|
|
Experimental Parent Training Bibliotherapy (SPACE) |
One third of participants will be randomized to the SPACE group. Families will receive 4 45-minute supportive video calls with a therapist over the course of 12-14 weeks. Participating families will receive a copy of the book 'Breaking Free of Child Anxiety and OCD' to use at home and in session with the therapist. During each of the video-conferencing sessions, therapists will serve to provide encouragement and support as the parent works through the program independently. |
|
|
Active Comparator Active Comparator |
One third of participants will be randomized to receive a Relaxation and Mentorship. This involves attending 4 45-minute sessions with a therapist over the course of 12-14 weeks. Topics covered include breathing slowly and deeply, coloring activities, and releasing muscle tension to reduce stress levels. |
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Recruiting Locations
More Details
- Status
- Recruiting
- Sponsor
- Baylor College of Medicine
Detailed Description
Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment for anxiety, yet access to CBT is limited for most families due to the cost, practicalities of attending in-person treatment sessions, and limited availability of trained therapists. Low-intensity telehealth delivery of services is a promising method to improve access to care for youth with anxiety and their families, givens its reachability to a wider range of areas (e.g., rural/underserved) and its ability to minimize practical barriers (e.g., treatment could be delivered to home without need for travel), and reduce stigma (e.g., parents do not need to visit mental health clinics). Additionally, parent-involved treatments for youth anxiety are effective and have the potential to reach more children and adolescents who refuse to see a therapist. However, these interventions have not been widely evaluated. The goal of this project is to evaluate the comparative efficacy and treatment mechanisms of two lower-intensity but effective treatments for families of children with anxiety or obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) via telehealth compared to an adapted Relaxation and Mentorship Training (RMT) intervention involving breathing exercises with a therapist. This study involves two CBT-based intervention groups, both of which have demonstrated efficacy in prior work: 1) a parent-led, therapist-supported Internet based CBT intervention (iCBT) and 2) parent training paired with bibliotherapy intervention (SPACE).
